تحول حافظه در گذار از دوره پیش عملیاتی به دوره عملیاتی در کودکان چهار تا هشت ساله

This article aimed to study the development of memory in transition from preoperational to the operational stage in 120 children in the age range of 4 to 8. In order to test the cognitive level (intelligence), the conservation test of seriation was applied. Children were asked to draw from memory what they had done during seriation test. The test was administred at different intervals: one hour, 2 weeks and 6 months. Results of analysis of variace and repeated measures showed that, the amount of remembered material was a function of children's cognitive level. Children drew what they ahd percieved, not what they had seen. Operational children recalled mor materials than preoperational and the content of recall progressed while children developed from preoperational phase to operational at 6 months. After 1 hour or 2 weeks, more materials were distorted, forgotten or faded than 6 months later. This showed that the recall of material increases and the level of increment depends on mental performance and the development of intelligence structures. These were in contrast with the results of calassical experiments on memory and recall.